7 May 2010 11 Comments

Environment

The atmosphere (its) and atmosphere, the earth is a very thick layer of the atmosphere. The atmosphere of the main components of nitrogen, 78.1%, Oxygen of 20.9%, Argon accounted for 0.93%, And small amounts of carbon dioxide, the rare gases (helium, NaiQi, argon gas, xenon, krypton, radon) and water vapor. The atmosphere of the air density decreases with altitude, the higher the thin air. The thickness of the atmosphere around 1,000 kilometers above, but no obvious limits. The atmosphere with highly different showed different characteristics, into the troposphere and stratosphere, intermediate, warm and layer, then it is interstellar space.
In the lowest level of troposphere atmosphere, abuts on the surface of the earth, the thickness of about 10 to 20 kilometers. The earth’s atmosphere by the troposphere, cloud and mist and rain phenomena occurred in this layer, water vapor in the nearly exists within a layer. This layer with high temperature increases, about every 1,000 meters, the temperature drop 5 ~ 6 degrees Celsius. Animals and plants, the survival of human activities, and most in this layer. Because of this layer of air convection obviously, it is called the troposphere. Above the troposphere and stratosphere is about the earth’s surface from 20 to 50 km. The stratosphere air is stable and the atmosphere is smooth flow, is called the stratosphere. Dust and water vapor in the stratosphere within 30 kilometers, and the little stratosphere, its temperature is below the in – 55 degrees Celsius. The stratosphere above is from earth surface layer, about 50-85 kilometers, the air is very thin here, outstanding characteristic is with high temperature increases rapidly, air convection reduces the vertical. Intermediate above is warm, the surface of the earth is about 100-800 kilometers. The most prominent feature of warm layer is when the light of the sun, ultraviolet rays in sunlight is this layer of the atom absorption, therefore, it says warming temperatures. SanYi layer in the warm layer, for charged particles.
In addition, there are two special layer, namely the ozone layer and the ionosphere. The ozone layer of 20 to 30 kilometers away from the ground, between the troposphere and stratosphere flow between. This layer is mainly due to the ultraviolet light by oxygen GuangHuaZuoYong, make oxygen into the ozone. The ionosphere is very thick, about 80 kilometers away from the earth’s surface. The ionosphere is the highest gas, ultraviolet radiation, sunshine is positive and charge the ionosphere anion and some free electronic form. The ionosphere to the electromagnetic wave, we can make use of the electromagnetic shortwave can be reflected back to the surface of the ionosphere, to realize the electromagnetic long-distance communication.
In the earth’s gravity, large amounts of gas gathered around the earth, thousands of kilometers of the atmosphere. Gas density with ground height increases becoming thinner. Sounding rockets at 3,000 kilometers high still found a thin air, somebody thinks, the upper atmosphere may extend to the ground around 6,400 kilometers away. According to scientists estimate that about 6000 WanYiDun air quality, the quality of the earth as one millionth of total nitrogen, including: 78%, oxygen and carbon dioxide, argon 0.93% 21% 0.03%, neon 0.0018%, in addition to water and dust, etc.

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